One-hundred-forty-four human X chromosome genes had no counterparts in mice.

类X染色体上有144组基因不同于老鼠。

But that doesn't mean its counterpart, the X chromosome, plays no part.

但是这并不意味着X染色体对男儿没有影响。

This was sort of a big deal at the time, when being born with two X chromosomes was the quickest shortcut to a life of knitting, wearing corsets, and fainting whenever someone mentioned long division.

这在当时是件很了不起的事，因为当时的女性基本上都只会做做针线活、穿紧，对数更是一窍不通。

That's because the gene that's responsible for making G6PD is on the X chromosome.

这是因为X染色体基因决定G6PD。

The most common congenital cause is an X-linked form, which means it happens on the X chromosome and affects mainly boys since boys only have one copy of the X chromosome.

最常见的先天原因是X染色体遗传，意味着它发生在X染色体上，主要影响男孩，因为男孩只有X染色体的一个副本。

Females can avoid the lethal side-effects if one of their two X chromosomes contains a non-mutated gene-but they will still grow up without tusks.

如果雌性的两条X染色体中有一条含有未突变的基因，则可以避免致命的副作用——但她们长大后仍然没有象牙。

Even the X chromosome might've been named that way because it was a mysterious unknown chromosome that didn't act quite like the rest.

甚至 X 染色体也可能是以这种方式命名的，因为它是一条神秘的未知染色体，其行为与其他染色体不同。

The other option is the sister chromatids of the x chromosome don't separate in meiosis two in the female germ cell.

女性生殖细胞中，X染色体姐妹染色单体在第二次减数分裂时没有分离。

In some cases, it's linked to chromosomal abnormalities like Turner syndrome, where an X chromosome is missing.

在某些情况下，它与染色体异常有关，如Turner综合征，其X染色体缺失。

Studies show that the most influential hair-loss gene is located on the " X" chromosome only.

研究显示造成秃头的基因位于 X 染色体上。

Now males males have one X and one Y chromosome, and females have two X chromosomes.

那么，男性有一个X染色体和一个Y染色体，女性有两个X染色体。

Having an extra X chromosome makes the testicular cells generate less testosterone, which is a hormone responsible for primary sex characteristics like development of the sex organs as well as secondary sex characteristics like height and body shape.

多一条X染色体会让睾丸间质细胞的睾酮产量下降；睾酮这种激素不仅负责第一性征的发育，如性器官发育，也负责第二性征发育，如高和体形。

Other times it can be a gene mutations, like BRCA1, or in a syndrome like Fragile X syndrome, which is caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide repeat within a gene on the X chromosome.

某些情况下可能是基因突变，如BRCA1；也可能是像脆性X染色体综合征这样的综合征，这是由于X染色体上某基因内的三核苷酸重复扩增引起的。

Well if you're a male you get an " X" chromosome from your mother, but must receive a " Y" chromosome from your father.

男性会从母亲那得到其中一个 X 染色体，但是一定会从父亲那得到 Y 染色体。

In females, though, only one X chromosome gets expressed, and the other is inactivated, called X-inactivation or lyonization.

女性只有一条X染色体表达，而另一条失活，这就是X染色体失活（莱昂化）。

When the sperm cell from your father which carries an 'X' or a 'Y' chromosome fuse with the egg from your mother, which carries an 'X' chromosome.

这时，一个来自父亲的，携带“X”或“Y”染色体精子会和来自母亲的，携带一个“X”染色体的卵子结合。

Since this is linked to the X chromosome, both Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy are called X-linked recessive.

由于发病与X染色体有关联，DMD和BMD被称为X连锁隐性遗传。

The X chromosome also carries genes that are important for growth and development of tissues throughout the body.

X染色体还携带很多对全组织生长和发育很重要的基因。

The fur color gene is located on the " X" chromosome.

毛色基因位于 X 染色体上。

Now, only having one complete X chromosome impacts the female reproductive system by increasing the rate of loss of eggs, which normally happens more slowly.

只有一条完整X染色体会影响女性生殖系统，会加快卵细胞的丢失速率，而该过程对于正常女性来说通常发生得较慢。